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What (who) is Gram reaction - definition

MICROBIOLOGICAL METHOD FOR IDENTIFICATION; METHOD OF STAINING USED TO DIFFERENTIATE BACTERIAL SPECIES INTO TWO LARGE GROUPS (GRAM-POSITIVE AND GRAM-NEGATIVE)

Gram staining; Gram's stain; Gram-variable; Gram status; Gram's method; Gram Stain; Gram-stain; Gram-staining; Gram-categorization; Gram-indeterminate; Gram indeterminate; Gram Staining; Gram indeterminant; Gram variable

Gram stain

In microbiology and bacteriology, Gram stain or Gram staining, also called Gram's method, is a method of staining used to classify bacterial species into two large groups: gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. The name comes from the Danish bacteriologist Hans Christian Gram, who developed the technique in 1884.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram_stain

Gram stain

¦ noun Medicine a staining technique for the preliminary distinction of bacteria between two categories (Gram-positive and Gram-negative).

Origin

C19: named after the Danish physician Hans C. J. Gram.

Gram–Schmidt process

METHOD FOR ORTHONORMALISING A SET OF VECTORS

Gram-Schmidt Process; Gram-Schmidt decomposition; Gram-Schmidt; Gram schmidt; Gram-Schmidt procedure; Gram-schmidt; Gram-Schmidt process; Gram-Schmidt algorithm; Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization; Gram-Schmidt orthonormalization; Schmidt orthogonalization; Graham-schmidt; Gram-Schmidt QR factorization; Gram-schmidt factorization; Gram schmidt factorization; Gram–Schmidt; Gram–Schmidt orthogonalization; Gram-Schmidt theorem; Gram–Schmidt decomposition; Gram-Schmidt Orthonormalisation; Graham schmidt method; Gram schmidt method

In mathematics, particularly linear algebra and numerical analysis, the Gram–Schmidt process is a method for orthonormalizing a set of vectors in an inner product space, most commonly the Euclidean space equipped with the standard inner product. The Gram–Schmidt process takes a finite, linearly independent set of vectors } for and generates an orthogonal set } that spans the same k-dimensional subspace of Rn as S.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram–Schmidt_process

Wikipedia

Gram stain

In microbiology and bacteriology, Gram stain (Gram staining or Gram's method), is a method of staining used to classify bacterial species into two large groups: gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. The name comes from the Danish bacteriologist Hans Christian Gram, who developed the technique in 1884.

Gram staining differentiates bacteria by the chemical and physical properties of their cell walls. Gram-positive cells have a thick layer of peptidoglycan in the cell wall that retains the primary stain, crystal violet. Gram-negative cells have a thinner peptidoglycan layer that allows the crystal violet to wash out on addition of ethanol. They are stained pink or red by the counterstain, commonly safranin or fuchsine. Lugol's iodine solution is always added after addition of crystal violet to strengthen the bonds of the stain with the cell membrane.

Gram staining is almost always the first step in the identification of a bacterial group. While Gram staining is a valuable diagnostic tool in both clinical and research settings, not all bacteria can be definitively classified by this technique. This gives rise to gram-variable and gram-indeterminate groups.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram stain